Galaxy Evolution documentation

Demo : Emission Model of Forming of Spiral Galaxies

Small demo representing how spirals are forming in galaxies.

This demonstration can seem to people all its life having deal with
Astronomy, Astrophysics, Cosmology and other serious sciences, to look radical pseudoscientific. It that possible that serious people, Professors, Doctors of Sciences, Academics about 100 years rack their brains and can not understand how this is possible that spiral arms of galaxies exist and does not desintegrate while rotating around the galaxy center? How the double spiral is formed? Why the arms of the arms of the spiral so symmetrical? What is forming a bar, or bridje, or bulge in the center of a galaxy and what is the difference between them?

And suddenly an unknown man comes and says: look, this is simple. Spiral arms are just two streams of plasma moving from the center of the galaxy to its bounds. And while each spot of plasma is moving over straight line from the center to the bounds of the galaxy, its source in the center of the galaxy is rotating slowly forming a double spiral.

That's all. And there is no necessity in a dark matter to provide rotating galaxies as solid bodies. And there is no needs in squared orbits of stars around the galaxy allowing them to jump between spiral arms to provide them existing.

Spiral arms just DO NOT ROTATE. These are expanding from the center to the bounds. Its size is defined by its energy allowing them to illuminate and by existence of a matter to be illuminated to show spiral arms for us. But since the plasma moving fast (0.3c or slower) but far from us we could not detect such movement for about 100 year of observations.

Now we can move to the point where the were no any "dark matter" and re-start our investigations from scratch. Thank You.

Vladimir Kladov, 2022, 2025.

Download:

Download application modeling the spiral galaxy.

With source code. Updated October 14 2025

Presentation (web-version)

See also an article (in preparing state): pdf

Models gallery:

M31 - Andromeda galaxy

M31 - Andromeda Galaxy (in comparison to the IR photo)

M31 - comparing with IR photos (GIF animation)

M31 - comparing with UV photos (GIF animation)

Take into attention that the Andromeda is not a circle disk and its spirals actually are stretched in two sides.

Тhe Andromeda galaxy actually has a very small inclination of its plane to our view, so its central parts of armс are looking very similar to ideal circles.

Additionally, to answer on a question: what is a ring at the left side of the center? No, this is not a result of a piercing of the Andromeda by another galaxy. There is a couple of another another satellites forming this ring (and symmetric to it to the right but less visible just because it is located behind the galaxy plane covering it by gas and dust).

And closer:

And in UV:

LMC - Large Magellanic Cloud

Clickable, a large PNG file is under the link with 10 frames for each of 4 spirals with its satellites parameters, over 2 different background photos.

Clicкable, another gif animation is under the link, with 4 spirals sequentially on 2 different background photos.

М106

М106 - matching to a composite image in the optical and X-ray shows that both pairs of spiral arms are formed by the jets of the galaxy kernel.

The light source is probable the single but it is lightning its X-rays in several main directions forming spirals in space lying in two main cones.

The center part, with the center spiral and light spirals only:

M51 - Whirlpool

M51 - Whirlpool. Modeling is showing that it is sufficient 3 main satellites. May be it is enough some more satellites to represent some less bright spirals.

A lot of regular streams across the spiral lines probably are traces of plasma emitted from secondary satellites which are orbiting the satellite of the first level. These have significant tide effects both from the first level satellite and from the central SLBH which becomes much powerful in opposition periods. But anyway the power of such streams is much lower in comparison with the main stream - just because much smaller masses are operated.

By the link it is possible to view another animation, with three spirals shown separately, and with a "clear" frame. And it is possible to open or save the animation above to view it in full size.

UGC10214 (ARP188) - Tadpole

UGC10214 (ARP188) - Tadpole. It is claimed that this irregular galaxy has got its prolonged tail (about 300,000 light-years long) in result of a collision with another galaxy 100 million years ago. But the model shows that the galaxy can be actually regular spiral galaxy. But may be it is just a usual spiral galaxy but having an additional light source creting its shining tale of about 300,000 L.Y. length.

UGC 1810 + UGC 1813 = ARP 273 "Rose"

UGC1810 (Large from Arp 273 Rose).

UGC1813 (Small from Arp 273 Rose). It has as "light" spiral, and normal plasma spiral with a big enough excentricity (allowing to restore its rhombic-like shape). The white line is demonstrating how the yellow spiral could look if there were no restrictions in signal speed by the light speed in space.

ESO415-19

ESO415-19. The galaxy "with long arms". Unfortunately I could not find a photo with tails not cut. May be result could be another.

NGC 1512

NGC 1512. Ring galaxy is just a spiral galaxy with a satellite traveling on a very prolonged elliptic orbit.

In time, its evolution is looking like following:

NGC 1365

NGC 4651

NGC 4651 Umbrella.

NGC 4194 Meduse

Very similar to the previous.

NGC 1961

This galaxy has very distorted structure of its spiral arms. Therefore there are no galaxies nearby it or remnants of mergers with other such galaxies in the past which could explain such peculiarities from the position of current knowledge about spiral galaxies. With the model suggested there are no such problems though.

There are 4 supernovae in the galaxy marked with yellow on the composition above.

Table of SMBH's satellites parameters:

Parameter \ Satellite 1 2 3 4

Period 66666 22914 43116 61313

e 0.1691 0.5809 0.9512 0.6176

v1 0.15 0.034 0.2 0.15

v2 0.29 0.85 0.48 0.47

d1 88 52 31 31

d2 55 56 19 20

cone 90 90 90 90

Rot projeciion 27 335 17 343

Inclination -60 -51 19 -47

Starting angle 270 310 181 243

a 2.5948 1.2732 1.9406 2.4540

q 2.8295 1.4272 0.1662 1.3022

And again as an animated image:

NGC 2442

NGC 2440

Astronomers decided that it is a planetary nebula. The model shows that it is a spiral galaxy. (But please do not call it in honor for mine - it is looking like my fan heater).